Novel metal porous metal preparation method

Recently, the research team led by Yi Bin, associate researcher of the Institute of Metallurgy and Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has developed a novel porous metal preparation method that makes full use of the Kirkendall effect to produce porous copper and porous materials in a vacuum environment. Porous metals such as nickel and porous stainless steel, preliminary research results have been recently published in the Vacuum and Materials Letter, and related research results have applied for 5 invention patents and one international patent.

Porous metal is composed of metal skeleton and pores. Compared with dense metal materials, porous metal is characterized by a large number of pores inside. Therefore, porous metal materials have many excellent characteristics, such as small specific gravity, large specific surface area, good energy absorption, high heat exchange and heat dissipation, good sound absorption, excellent permeability, good electromagnetic wave absorption, flame resistance, heat and flame resistance, Thermal shock resistance, gas sensitivity, reproducibility, and good processability. Therefore, porous metal materials are widely used in aerospace, atomic energy, electrochemistry, petrochemicals, metallurgy, machinery, medicine, environmental protection, construction and other industries of separation, filtration, gas distribution, catalysis, electrochemical processes, noise reduction, shock absorption, shielding, In heat exchange and other processes, filters, catalysts and catalyst carriers, porous electrodes, energy absorbers, silencers, shock absorbers, electromagnetic shielding devices, electromagnetic compatibility devices, heat exchangers, and flame retardants are manufactured.

Conventional porous metal preparation methods include solid metal sintering, liquid metal solidification, metal deposition, or corrosion hole-making. Among them, the de-alloying method is a popular method for preparing nano-porous metals and is selected by chemical or electrochemical methods. The active components in the binary solid solution alloy are dissolved, and the remaining inert metal components are agglomerated to form a continuous nanoporous structure.

The porous metal preparation method newly developed by the metal is a physical dealloying method compared to the conventional dealloying method, and the porous alloy is obtained through the principle of physical sublimation and diffusion. At present, large-scale porous alloys (open cells) with a pore size of 1-10 μm can be prepared on a large scale, and the porosity is about 35-75%. It has been successfully produced in the laboratory to prepare porous metals such as uniform porous copper alloys, nickel alloys, and stainless steels. Materials, porous copper foils prepared for lithium-ion batteries show superior performance, and other applications are being developed. Through continuous improvement and improvement, the technology of this project has matured and has completely independent intellectual property rights.